Communication Accommodation Theory ( Cat ) - 1715 Words

Consider a black person, or any other minority, who enters a room for an interview in hopes of earning a position within an aerospace company at an entry level position. Sitting across from him or her could be three white employees: possibly one from human resources, another was the area supervisor, and lastly the teams’ lead in the area looking to hire. Consider the applicant a black man who grew up in Southern Georgia; however, he then sat at a table in Norther California seeking employment. Understanding the difference in culture and region, the panel of interviewers diverge the conversational tone to accommodate the applicant. According to Ayoko, Hà ¤rtel, and Callan (2002), â€Å"Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) examines the†¦show more content†¦Establishing this as a Group Support System (GSS) tool can enhance the outcome of a meeting; therefore, utilizing a break from the monotony of routine day to day meetings and open up the conversation during a lu ncheon to tackle one particularly difficult problem, will avoid the dreaded groupthink scenario. Communication can run dry from one day to the next or one task to the next; consequently, employees will start to treat each other as objects and fall into Buber’s â€Å"I-It Communication† void. Philosopher Martin Buber established this first level theory to identify the tendency humanity has towards acknowledging each other (Wood, 2015). Treating coworkers as objects will not allow them to communicate effectively; regrettably, this is common in the service industry where waiters and waitresses are dehumanized and often expected to serve the needs of a customer. Furthermore, in the workplace where employees must comingle effectively they must treat each other as more than objects. Social Perception The social perception of racial equality is still a topic of debate today; however, it is in stark contrast to the perception forty years ago. In fact, the media still portrays many situations where black people are discriminated against and are not treated equally. Sadly, one often misinterpreted notion hasShow MoreRelatedEssay about Communication Accomodation Theory1953 Words   |  8 PagesThe Communication Accommodation Theory states when people interact they alter their speech to fit in or accommodate for other. CAT describes the psychological, social, and linguistic behaviors that people exhibit when communicating with each other (Coupland, Coupland, Giles, Henwood, 1988). Each individual has his or her own personality and motivation when involved in a conversation, this attribute are reflected in how the individual speaks, listens and then responds to the other person involvedRead MoreSocial Communicative Skills For A Group Of Autistic Adolescents2414 Words   |  10 Pag esCAT: An Introduction Imagine what it would be like to try to teach social-communicative skills to a group of autistic teenagers who can often be uncooperative and stubborn, lack appropriate verbal and nonverbal communication, and have cognitive impairments that limit their ability to process information. As a twenty-year-old female college student, studying communication, I volunteered to be a peer buddy and a facilitator for a small group of teenage boys and girls, in a social skills training groupRead MoreCommunication Accommodation Theory- American History X1780 Words   |  8 PagesCAT- American History X In this paper, I will use CAT (Communication Accommodation Theory) to explain how convergence, divergence, and intergroup contact are illustrated within the film American History X. Convergence in CAT refers to the accommodativeness, the process concerned with how we both reduce and magnify communication differences between people in interaction. Talking about convergence, people tend to enhance interpersonal similarities and reduce uncertainties. The effect of convergingRead MoreThe Application Of Communication Theories1509 Words   |  7 PagesThe Application of Communication Theories When it comes to international students on Western Kentucky University’s campus, ignorance is the best word to describe my prior knowledge concerning them. Taking it a step further, this term can extend to my awareness about race in general on campus. However, I am pleased to say that I am now somewhat more knowledgeable concerning the diversity at WKU. This is due to my recent participation in the Race Intergroup Dialogue Discussions over the past few monthsRead MoreVerbal And Nonverbal Communication And Communication941 Words   |  4 Pageswith the way humans say thing. For example, if someone is feeling mad, they might be more harsh when they say things rather than more careful wording when someone is feeling sympathetic for someone else. These two different aspects that add into communication within one another are known as verbal and nonverbal symbols. In the show, Law and Order: Special Victim Unit, there is a specific scene with two detectives that show this. There is a serial rapist who was finally caught after six years of lookingRead MoreDifferences Between Groupthink And Communication Accommodation Theory1093 Words   |  5 Pagespeople, you may recognize similarities in their communication style. From an outside perspective, you may additionally recognize a similar thought process present within the group. Throughout out my paper I will be focusing on two similar theories that explain what you may have observed, groupthink and communication accommodation theory. I will discuss the main focus of each theory, similarities, differences, which theory is better, and how each theory has been applied in research. Groupthink typicallyRead MoreVygotsky And Vygotsky Theories Of Learning1257 Words   |  6 PagesTheories of learning In this essay, I will compare and contrast jean Piaget and lev Vygotsky theories of learning. First, I will discuss Piaget followed by Vygotsky then I will compare and contrast both theorists. Jean Piaget was a Swiss developmental psychologist and philosopher, he is known for his contribution to a theory of cognitive development. Piaget became interested in the reasons why children gave the wrong answers to questions that required logical thinking. He believed that these incorrectRead MoreThe Theory Of Cognitive Psychology928 Words   |  4 Pages including information processes, memory and communication. This new direction received the name of cognitive psychology. One of the pioneers, who established this path in psychology science, was Swiss biologist, Jean Piaget. Piaget’s discoveries and principles have made a significant contribution in expansion of cognitive psychology ideas. His research and concepts that were based on kids learning and progressing helped him to form his famous theory of four developmental stages, which later foundRead MorePiaget And Vygotsky And Theories Of Child Development2299 Words   |  10 Pagescomes to the subject of education and child development there are many different philosophers who each had their own theories, about the subject. This paper will focus on Piaget and Vygotsky and their theories of child development and how they are similar and/or different. It will also discuss how the role of cultural context in child development is presented in each of their theories of child development. Piaget believed that children are active in constructing their development and their understandingRead MoreThe Communication Accommodation Theory Through Convergence, Divergence, Social Identity, And Initial Orientation2339 Words   |  10 PagesThis paper is going to show insight and inside knowledge of the communication accommodation theory through convergence, divergence, social identity, and initial orientation. Throughout this paper, evidence will be shown through these four different elements and four studies on how they play an enormous role within communication behavior. Research that I have conducted show studies that have tested and analyzed how participants in each test use these four elements when speaking with a foreigner. I

Perseverance Is the Key to Success - 1215 Words

Perseverance is the key to success.Perseverance is an attitude of persisting one single idea, discipline or ideal to achieve success.To achieve a goal in spite of facing numerous of difficulties, obstructions, failures or set backs.The Glass Castle, a memoir written by Jeannette Walls, tells the story of perseverance and the power siblings have to make it through the seemingly impossible in order to succeed. Even though Jeannettes parents love her and her siblings, their parenting skills arent up to par compared to the means of society. The Walls family is dysfunctional and unique in their own way. There were many times Jeannette was forced to grow up faster than a normal child would have to. She was made responsible for herself from the day she was born. Her experiences as a child taught her how the love of a sibling can prevail and how to persevere. In the story, Jeannette experiences more difficulties in her childhood than the normal American experiences in a lifetime. From the st ruggles with her parents, to the lack food and shelter, Jeanette’s still finds the power to push through and succeed on her own.The Walls’ parents appear to be reckless and unstable but they actually teach their children how to survive and ultimately thrive in life. Jeanette becomes a successful adult because they taught her to never give up, keep hope alive, to never look back. Jeannette’s parents had their own way of parenting,most people will believe that it was negligence but Rex and RoseShow MoreRelatedPerseverance Is Key To Success1844 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"Through perseverance many people win success out of what seemed destined to be certain failure†(Benjamin Disraeli). Perseverance is a trait that is key to success in the future. Everybody is going to face a time in their life where an obstacle is in front of them and they have to avoid it to keep going. During these times individuals are going to want to quit and give up. This is when perseverance comes into play. With perseverance people will take on this obstacle and find a way to get throughRead MorePerseverance Is The Key To Success894 Words   |  4 PagesThis I Believe The huge track complex sat in Lawrence, KS, as I walked toward the park hoping for success that would elude me today. I now believe that perseverance is the key to success in life, not guaranteed victory. I believe that if a person cannot pull it together and persevere through rough situations, your life will be full of misery. So, there I was, walking towards the huge stadium to run in the USATF Junior Olympics. I was one of 30,000 athletes to compete here, and the crowd of peopleRead MoreEssay On Grit Speech1341 Words   |  6 Pageswere most likely to succeed in school. Duckworth use these experiences to engage the audience, and to explained that grit is what will help you to success in life. After watching the TED talk now I have a different point of view of how you can success in life. The most important component to success in life is Grit which is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals. Grit is having stamina. Grit is sticking with your future, day in, day out, not just for the week, not just for the monthRead MoreBeowulf Perseverance Essay1024 Words   |  5 PagesDenogean In the poem, Beowulf, perseverance can be perceived as one of the most important factors for the success of the main character. Perseverance can be described in many ways, but the true meaning of the term is commitment. How someone stays committed with a goal or task until glory is reached, all the effort and hard work placed into the action being realized, personal reasons, and the patience had while realizing it, are the main points of perseverance. The motivation to not give up isRead MorePerseverance Essay Examples1187 Words   |  5 PagesWhat Is Perseverance? One is drawing near to the finish line, their legs are aching and hurting. But they are persistent and determined to finish the race strong, so they push until they get to the end.This is a great example of what perseverance can feel and look like. Elisabeth Kà ¼bler-Ross stated, â€Å"Should you shield the canyons from the windstorms you would never see the true beauty of their cravings†(â€Å"Goodread†). This quote is about how having perseverance can shape people and make them a betterRead MoreGrit : Perseverance And Passion For Long Term Goals962 Words   |  4 PagesIn the article, â€Å"Grit: Perseverance and Passion for Long-Term Goals,† by Angela L. Duckworth, Christopher Peterson, Michael D. Matthews, and Dennis R. Kelly, research and studies were conducted to display the extent of how grit is a contributing factor in the â€Å"achievement† or â€Å"success† in â€Å"vocational and avocational achievements that were recognized by other people† in comparison to â€Å"those that are primarily subjective value to the individual† (Duckworth,Peterson,Matthews, and Kelly 1087). Grit isRead MoreThe Case For Gritty, Growing Students1374 Words   |  6 Pagespopular myths about concepts of learning, intelligence and talent. Notably, both focus on effort and growth as critical components in learning and success not only at school but at life as well. More specifically, Duckworth emphasizes grit which according to her is, Passion and perseverance for very long term goals. (and more, shortly) (The key to success? Grit). Meanwhile, Dweck compares growth and fixed mindsets by stating, Those [students] with a growth mindset were much more interested in learningRead MoreMemory Awareness : The Importance Of Memory734 Words   |  3 Pageshas to develop perseverance in many aspects of his life as an individual. It is also important to believe that a person of advanced age can still have the effective memory formatio n system, particularly if there is a decision to enhance and develop perseverance in many other aspects of ones life. While it is true that memory functions lie greatly in our brains super multi-functions systems, retaining good and sharp memories have been a great challenge for one to develop perseverance and utilize hisRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Battle Hymn Of The Tiger Mother Essay1690 Words   |  7 PagesIngredients For Success Many people have criticized Amy Chua, a mother of two, a Yale professor, Chinese-American after she wrote the book Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother in 2011. Chua has received death threats, blackmails, and different kinds of criticism regarding on how she raises her kids in the Chinese parenting style. In her book, She - argues how Chinese parenting style is not only different but also superior compared to the Western style, which has invoked verbal attack from her readersRead MoreAnalysis Of Hillbilly Elegy1430 Words   |  6 PagesSince the first page of Hillbilly Elegy by J.D. Vance, perseverance is prevalent. No matter what comes J.D. Vance’s way he always works through it. There are many ways people respond to the adversity in life, and there are many ways people respond each distinct time. Perseverance has been key in my life, not just J.D. Vance’s; I would argue every person in this world as well. Whether it be in the military, like Vance, school, sports, or a jo b, there is no hiding from adverse situations. J.D. Vance

On the Sea Essay Example For Students

On the Sea Essay Often tis in such a gentle temper found,That scarcely will the very smallest shell Be movd for days from where it sometime fell, When last the winds of Heaven were unbound There is the sense that the sea is gentle, but even when so, we are reminded of its immense power the contrast in the moods of the sea. The sestet tells of the seas restorative power for any one with vexd and tird eyes or that have ears dinnd with uproar rude, / Or fed too much with cloying melody. Keats is imploring the reader to be by the sea, to feast upon the wildness of the Sea and Sit near some old caverns mouth, and brood. The long vista of the sea can be restful for the eyes; the crashing of the waves can be soothing for the turbulent spirit. Keats is trying to convey the effect of the sea as a healing, soothing balm on the human spirit. The supernatural qualities of the sea almost make it seem transcendent, the power and meekness, the calm and craze, and the healing, nearly spiritual, disposition of the sea. Keats is sharing the inspiration of the sea with the reader. The focus on the transcendent qualities is a great Romantic characteristic that Keats employed here, and to great effect. The sonnet is a common medium for expressing emotions, but with the strict metric and rhyme scheme, its discipline prevents the poet from wallowing in self-pity or sentimentality. The rhythm of the poem is indicative of the tides, the first sentence especially; its hard to say without getting short of breath. Also there is sibilance, the repetition of the s sound, making the sound of the water heard in its tumbling waves, with some of the words like whisperings, desolate and swell. The tone of the poem is tranquil, providing the soothing effect of the sea. The sea is seen as a benign great force of nature and this is emphasised more instead of the roughness. The rough tendencies of the furling waves find calmness in this poem, an almost passiveness in it; Keats doesnt get involved in the sea, he only watches and listens. However listening to crashing waves has that calm and peace too. The tones calm attitude is reflective of the theme the calm created even with the roaring waves of the sea. As Keats wrote this poem in 1817 it was one of his earlier poems. Keats wrote nearly 60 sonnets and much of his early work was in this form. In 1816 there had been much civil unrest in England with riots after a bad harvest and heavy taxation. This unrest continued into 1817. This poem may have been just simply an escape for the turmoil and conflict of the times Keats drawing into his world of eternal whisperings. Keats sonnet Bright Star, would I were steadfast as thou art was believed to be written in 1819 and revised on that final boat trip to Italy in 1820 where he would die. Bright Star is written with the rhyming scheme of a Shakespearean sonnet and the octave and sestet of the Petrarchan sonnet. The poets main theme is the common one of permanence vs. mutability. In much of his poetry Keats is searching for something fixed and eternal in the human world. In his more mature poetry he realises that this can be found in that world of change, death and decay. Bright Star, would I were steadfast as thou art No yet still steadfast, still unchangeable, Pillowd upon thy fair loves ripening breast, To feel for ever its soft fall and swell, Awake for ever in a sweet unrest, Still, still to hear her tender-taken breath, And so live ever or else swoon to death. The image of the star is developed into a symbol of utter perfection, the kind of perfection he admires and craves timelessness. .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53 , .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53 .postImageUrl , .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53 , .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53:hover , .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53:visited , .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53:active { border:0!important; } .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53:active , .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53 .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf2bcd43763a033f5ef5e9fcf65a6bf53:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Overview of Five Art Museums EssayHowever he realises that this kind of perfection is incompatible with the pleasure he gets from his human life. The poem is almost like Keats progression of thought from admiring and wishing to be the star, to realising the stars isolation, to rejecting that kind of eternity for the image of himself Pillowd upon fair loves ripening breast. The poem has a Romantic valuing and feeling of emotion very much evident. Despite the fact that to be able to have the stars permanence is impossible, this never crosses his mind. In the end Keats rejection of the star is not so much that he cannot have the stars permanence, its that he decides he doesnt want it. The imagination Keats uses to try to escape his impending, inescapable death has to be cast off as reality closes in the recognition that in the human world death is the only true permanence. Keats uses the star as a contrast to the fleeting human life. While the star is personified in some respects it has eyelids, it watches there is great difference between the two. The star in splendour, high above the earth for all eternity, but also remote, isolated, passionless, cold and fixed. Human life, fleeting but also warm, changing and to do with emotions. The star feels nothing, while the poet feels great love. Bright Star is very introspective, it explores Keats emotions, feelings and this is a very typical Romantic characteristic. Keats explores his desire to live forever, without reason to tie down his imagination. Without this logic and reason the human emotion can often contradict itself the sweet unrest of human immortality. In exploring the desire for immortality and human love he realises that he cannot have both. Another Romantic characteristic is the use of nature in the poem, although it is only used to describe the star, as natures patient, sleepless Eremite. Clearly an inhuman figure because of the patient, sleepless. This hermit, although human, is like the star in that they live a solitary life. The waters the star gazes upon are described as performing their priestlike task another human figure, although this time they are separated by their pious nature from other humans. Also both these figures are never likely to experience love, which seems to be the defining characteristic for humans for Keats.

The Tenth Man By Graham Greene Essays - The Tenth Man, Mana

The Tenth Man by Graham Greene The book The Tenth Man by Graham Greene takes place in France in the 1940s during the German occupation of France during the second world war. It starts of in a German prison with the narrator talking about the prisoners singling out two specific characters, the Mayor of Bourge and Pierre an engine driver. Through a situation concerning these two we are introduced to the main character, Jean-Louis Chavel who changes his last name to Charlot. The narrator goes on to describe who the prisoner can here executions ever night. One night a German was killed so for punishment three prisoners were to be killed from each shed. To be fair the cell where the story starts the men drew marked paper from a shoe. Chavel drew the last marked slip which condemned him to death and went into histeria. In his histeria he offered to give every thing he owned to someone if they died for him. A man named Janvier, thinking of his sister and mother, spoke up and took his offer. After the agreement Janvier dr ew up a will leaving everything he now owned to his sister and mother. The next morning he was executed. The story then shifts to months later in Paris where Chavel, who name has been changed to Charlot, is looking for a job since he gave every thing he had away. Charlot then returned to his old home where he meets Janviers's sister and mother. Because Janvier's sister, Therese, did not now who he relay was, she gave him a job because he knew her brother. While working at the house Charlot had several run-ins with many childhood and adult friends but managed to fool them in some way or a another. Later, a beggar comes along and acts as if he is the real Chavel to escape persecution for being a collaborator with the Germans during the occupation. vividly he explains the whole story pretty well and convinces Therese that he is the real Chavel. Charlot allows him to stay the night and finds out he knew the story and what he wanted. As a plan to get all the land and money that Therese g ot from her brother, the impostor Chavel convinces Therese that Charlot made him look bad and her brother proposed the deal to him. While proving that the impostor was infact an impostor Charlot was shot and killed. Before he died he made sure that Therese would receive no trouble about the property and money by leaving it to her in his will. One moral issue in this book was the willingness to give up your life for another and the motives for doing so. People sometimes sacrifice their life for another when that other person is faced with death. I think the author put this in the book because in today's society very little people are willing to give up their life to save another, and if they are willing they usually would do it for the wrong reasons. For example in the book Janvier gave up his life for another but his motive was unclear. He could have done it for his own personal glory because he would have died a rich man what should not be important to you. He could have also done it for his family so they didn't have to live the rest of their life in a struggle to survive. He could have also done it to save Chavel life because he thought it was the right thing to do. Also in the end of the book Chavel gave up his life so Therese would have no problems with land arguments and because he loved her. In present day life I b elieve that most people would hesitate to save someone else if they could end up dying or getting seriously injured. For example if someone was going to get hit by a car and another person had a chance to push the other person out of the way but they may injure or kill themselves in the process, I don't think they will try to save them. People today have the attitude that someone else will do

Sickle Cell Disease Essays (513 words) - Hemoglobins,

Sickle Cell Disease The genetic disorder I was told to research was the Sickle Cell Disease. I will explain what mutation causes this disease, the characteristics of it, and what has developed in the area of gene therapy because of it. The Sickle Cell Disease is an inherited disease. The gene for hemogoblin-S (which causes the disease) is the most common inherited blood condition in America; although most people only inherit one copy of the gene for HbS, while the other gene, hemogoblin-A, is normal, and can override HbS, blocking the disease. These people have the HbS trait, but not the disease, therefore leading a normal life. For an offspring to acquire the disease, both parents must have the HbS gene, yet the child only has a 25% chance of having Sickle Cells. You cannot catch the disease, you are born with it and it is present for life. There are many complications and harmful effects as the result of the Sickle Cell Disease. The disease causes hemoglobin in the red blood cells, when it does not receive sufficient oxygen, to form into long, sickle shapes with a sticky, chemical surface. When blood cells are this form, they cannot go through the capillaries, blocking off both blood and oxygen. Fortunately only 20% of all red blood cells become Sickle Cells; the sickle cells have a shorter life span; and most blood cells go through the capillaries before becoming sickle-shaped. The most painful effect known from Sickle Cell Disease are episodes of pain called Sickle Cell Crisis, where the body is in need of oxygen, either from physical activities or a sickle blood cell blocking blood passages that lead to organs. The first day is the worst, where devastating pain goes to the arm, leg, and back, along with the shortness of breath. The other symptoms of Sickle Cells include: strokes, increased infections, early gallstones, yellow discoloring of eyes and skin, low blood cell counts (anemia), and delayed growth. For the cause of the Sickle Cell Disease, there has been many research going on in the area of gene therapy. Labs around the world are trying to fix the basic genetic defect, by placing the correct amino acid in the hemogoblin before or shortly after birth. This method would result in the cure of the root of the problem. Currently researchers are finding a safe way to perform this method. To try to ease the pain caused by Sickle Cell Disease, a substance that can prevent red blood cells from sickling without causing harm to other parts of the body, hydroxyurea was found to reduce the frequency of severe pain, acute chest syndrome and the need for blood transfusions in adult patients with sickle cell disease. Droxia, the prescription form of hydroxyurea, was approved by the FDA in 1998 and is now available for adult patients with sickle cell anemia. Studies will now be conducted to determine the proper dosage for children. The Sickle Cell Disease is a state of suffering, yet it is not as serious as it used to be, where children with the disease was not expected to live through childhood. Now with aggressive treatments, victims' lives are prolongs and improving its quality; and with the researching completed, a full cure of the disease can be possible.

buy custom The Peasant’s War essay

buy custom The Peasant’s War essay Kreis (2002) explains that The Peasants War is one of the popular events that occurred in Europe in the 16th century. The revolt, popularly known as the German Peasants War happened in 1524-1525 consisting of a series of revolts concerning both economy and the religion. Its participation was crosscutting among the nobles, townsfolk s and the peasants. The peak of the conflict was in summer and spring of the year 1525 and concentrated in the now modern Germanys western, southern and central parts. Additionally, revolts were also experienced in neighboring areas of modern Austria, Switzerland and Alsace. Approximately 300, 000, peasants rebels took part and an estimate of 100, 000 died in what was seen today as the greatest and most widespread uprising to ever have been waged against oppression in early Europe before the 1789s French revolution. Komneno article titled The German peasant rebellion of 1525 is a very reliable resource that accounts for the revolt. Other than stating and explaining deeply what the peasants war is, it gives a comprehensive illustration to the reader on what actually happened and the underlying causes and consequences. Another article titled Germany Peasants War, 1524-1525 by Steven Kreis, talks about the same issue, just like its title suggests. Steven explores a brief preistory of the late 15th century and early 16th century and the early medieval state. He then describes the war itself by talking about what prompted the uprising and the consequences it brought along. He enlightens the reader how the war stated due to the local peasants refusal to pay tax and their writing of many articles to express their grievances. Steven also talks about the characteristics of the war and the legacy that was left thereafter. This essay will therefore explore the German peasants war in relation the two articles. They are as earlier introduced, the German peasants rebellion, 1525 by Komneno and Germany Peasants War, 1524-1525 by Steven Kreis. Both the writers have the same opinion on the peasants lives in early Germany. Komneno talks of the peasants as a group that was oppressed. There rights were violated by the landlords and the nobles. This is one of the reasons why the revolt started. I was due the denial of agrarian rights that reforms that were brought along due to Reformation forced the peasants to invoke divine law and demand their rights. On the same issue of oppression among the peasants, Steven observes they were burdened by heavy taxation to cater for the escalating costs of administration for early medieval state. This was due to warfare transition that forced both states and rulers to depend on expensive weaponss and private army instead of knights that were unpaid. Other areas that increased taxation on the peasants were the cannon technology and sons of rulers territories partitioning. They were denied liberty to pick pastors of their choice, the tithe that they were subjected to was also out of proportion and the inclosed common lands were taken away. The judicial system was also unfair and was inclined towards the lordship. Death penalty was also imposed on them among other forms of oppression they underwent, all of them that were listed in a program referred to as Twelve Articles of the Peasantry (Kreis, 2002). Most of the peasants lived in utter illiteracy. Their participation in functions that involved reading and writing was limited. This fact is well demonstrated by Martin Luthers translation of the Bible from German to English in 1522 and 1523. This augmented tension among them. Furthermore both articles talks about poverty that was entrenched in the peasants lives. Peasants were poor especially those who lived in Thuringia, Swabia and Franconia. Their livelihood was mainly depended on fishing and hunting. During the war, they lacked resources as compared to the lords army that they were fighting. They lacked good weapons to fight back and this was one of their major reasons why were defeated. Kreis, (2002) goes ahead to affirm that they weapon they used were often no more than formed hordes and pitchfork. Buy custom The Peasant’s War essay

Business Of The Resale Stores Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 12000 words

Business Of The Resale Stores - Dissertation Example Once this has been done, we will be doing a market segmentation to target our potential customers. Once this has been done, we will design the various strategies required to influence the customers. A detailed plan of how the organization work towards the achievement of its strategic goals and objectives is the operational plan for the business. It provides a clear picture of how the people, teams and the departments of the organizations are collectively working together or the purpose of the business. Finance or the starting capital is the most important thing without which no business can start. Finance is the combination of the acquiring, allocation and the proper management of funds that will actually combine to help in the fulfillment of any business. The financial plan helps the managers to go about with the entire project. It shows the managers and helps them in identifying the different sources of capital and how it can be collected and allocated so that the business may be conducted in a proper fashion. It helps the company to identify the different sources of the capital and how these sources can be properly utilized to actually formulate the business. It also helps in designing and defining the exact way in which the money should be allotted so that the business will be able to breakeven faster and would be successful. In recent times due to the impact of the recession and the inflation on a worldwide basis the consignment shop or resale store is a one-stop solution to all the buyer-seller problems. This is because initially a consignment store or a resale shop is actually a resale business which involves three parties. They are the goods owner or the consignor, the consignee or the seller and the buyer of the resold goods the customer. Goods that are resold or consigned generally are clothes, luxury items, and antiques.

Land law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Land law - Essay Example in respect of the land., these can be express covenants agreed between the parties or implied covenants as a matter of law (implied could be the obligation of the tenant to pay rent under the equitable lease. (Shiloh Spinners v Harding)1). Lord Templeman in Street v Mountford2 said that the essential feature of a lease is that exclusive possession of the property is given to a person for specified term, in return of rent. The most important issues in respect of exclusive possession is the fact that it gives ownership to the person for a specified period of time, and because of it being a proprietary interest, it can be assigned, and may be binding on subsequent owners of reversion. In the case of a license it is more of a personal right, binding on parties who created it. (Lloyd v. Dugdale)3. Furthermore, in the case of leases the landlord’s right is restricted to remove tenants and to set rent, this is contrary to what happens in the case of licences. Therefore the distinctio n of lease and licence is of the essence. The deciding factor in respect of lease and licence is that of exclusive possession. Exclusive possession is determined by the facts and surrounding circumstances and other factors. Labels in themselves are therefore not decisive, and so the intention of the parties are not relevant, but the substance of rights that have been created have been construed to be relevant. There are certain exemptions where even if the occupier is in exclusive possession a lease is not created ( Lord Denning in Facchini v Bryson)4. In accordance with Lord Templeman in Street, the fact that the substance of agreement and not the label, is what is important, restricts the situations whereby a license would be construed. From the facts, it can be construed that exclusive possession was granted to Tom. The next element that is important is the fact that it must be for a certain term. This is clearly the case as Lionel agreed to grant Tom a lease for five years. The next element of tenancy is that of rent as specified by Lord Templeman in Street. Clearly Tom was under an obligation pay the rent as well as the premium. Thus in the current situation a lease has been created. As far as creation of a lease is concerned, that is done in two stages, the first being the contract being concluded so as to grant a lease between the landlord and tenant, and the next step is that of the execution of the contract by grant of lease by deed. For the existence of a legal lease of more than three years or where a premium is charged are legal only if they are executed by deed, a requirement under section 52(1) of the Law of Property act 1925. A deed has been defined as a formal written document and in accordance with section 1 of Law of Property (Miscellaneous) Provisions Act 1989, a said document is construed to be a deed only if it expressly declared itself to be a deed and is witnessed by one other person. As far as equitable leases are concerned, they tend t o exist when an enforceable contract is entered into between the landl

Project Evaluation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Project Evaluation - Assignment Example In other words, project evaluation offers a step-by-step procedure of recording, gathering and organizing data and information regarding project outcomes, comprising short-term results of tasks, or project deliverables, and instant and longer-term project results like transformations in behavior, processes or policy outcome from the project (GoogleDocs, 2011; Hughes & Cotterell, 2002; Government of Ontario, 2006). This report discusses some of the important aspects of the project evaluation and its application in technology-intensive enterprises. This report discusses the use and application of the project evaluation processes and various quantitative or qualitative approaches to project evaluation and selection. Usually, project assessment or evaluation is the last stage in the project lifecycle. In this stage analysis is done systematically at the fundamentals of accomplishments as well as failure in the project practice to discover how to plan more effectively for the future. The fundamental aim and objective of this study is to determine the actual value of a program or project as much as probable. In more simple words, project evaluation can be described as "a procedure that tries to find out as methodically as well as objectively as probable the significance, efficiency and influence of actions in the light of the fundamental aims and objectives†. It is, therefore an important examination of the accurate accomplishments and outcomes of a program, project or policy in comparison with the planned tasks, fundamental suppositions, and policy and resource assurance. In addition, it formulates an effort to evaluate impartially the following given main aspects: (Planning Commission, 201 1; Hughes & Cotterell, 2002; Government of Ontario, 2006) The significance and strength of the project aims and objectives and design of the project/program in scenario of wider problems of project development policy, project priorities as well as strategies with

Academic Performance And Motivation Education Essay

Academic Performance And Motivation Education Essay This chapter aims to answer the following question, what are the differences in motivation between male and female, differences in motivation among the 3 year of study, and relationship between motivation and academic performance among UTAR students. This studys results suggest there is statistically significant difference in academic motivation between male and female, and significant difference in motivation among 3 years of study among UTAR students. However, there is significant relationship between motivation and academic performance among UTAR students. In addition, each variable will be examined for significant and non-significant differences between the genders, as well as applicability to previous studies, significance to college enrollment and possible future research. Motivation Results for motivation suggested there are statistically differences between male and female. This might be interpreted as meaning the more motivated a student is, the more likely they are to enroll in, attend regularly and graduate from University or College. Academic Motivation Scale-College Version (AMS-C) was used to measure motivation, which reported average scores of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. for male students andà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦for female students (see Tableà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ in Chapter 4). The data represents a difference found between the two groups, with the female students reporting higher levels of intrinsic motivation. When comparing male students and female students, results of this study suggest there are higher levels of motivation reported by the femala students. The current study found similarities to past research. According to Nadia (2010) indicated that female students more likely to have academic ethics than male students, which are characterized by higher academic attainment. Furthermore, the findings of the study show that female students were intrinsically motivated than males. In contrast, male students were extrinsically motivated than females. The possible explanations of these findings are that males are expected to be the main breadwinner of the family in society (Nadia, 2010). Whereas, for females, they are academic performance and motivation is based on self-exploration and internal satisfaction (Nadia, 2010). Data have shown that there is a significant link between a parents education and a childs motivation for college enrollment. Other research suggests, for first-generation students, the motivation to enroll in college is a deliberate attempt to improve his or her social, economic, and occupational standing (Ayala Striplen, 2002). Academic Performance and Motivation On top of that, findings suggest that there is significant relationship (r=.;n-)between motivation and academic performance among UTAR students. Academic performance was using grade point average (GPA) and the average of (B-). These findings are consistent with previous literature. Johnson (1996) and other researchers also found out that academic achievement is highly correlated with students motivation (as cited in Nadia, 2010). Due to the previous research, the types of the motivation can affect on the performance of the students. This is because intrinsic and extrinsic motivation effects on the achievement and goals of the students performance. Students enjoyment when they learn new things is an example of intrinsic motivation. For instance, student may do their homework because they find it interesting and satisfying to learn about certain subjects (Isiksal, 2010). Findings also supported previous research based on SDT, which posit the relation between students being intrinsically motivated and academically successful (Turner, Chandler Heffer, 2009). As Fortes, Rodrigues and Tchantchane (2010) pointed out that when students are realize that the academic courses can improve their career prospects, they will be motivated to improve their academic performance as well. These types of students are tending to more on extrinsic motivation and other such as they want to get more reward or praise. Moreover, students with ammotivation also can affect their academic performance. They will experience feelings of incompetence and expectancies of uncontrollability they perceive their behavior as caused by forces out their own control. They feel undeceived and start asking themselves why in the world, why they go to school or they may stop participating in academic activities (Nadia, 2010). Year of Study The results for motivation among 3 years of study in UTAR students. This could be due to the differences in age and experience during their study in University. A research done by Uguroglu (1982) and McClure (1986) found that older students were more stable in certain personality characteristics and have higher achievement motivation and self-control than the younger one (as cited in Habibah Elias Rafaei abdul Rahman, 1995). Female stuents hv in general a better motivation profile and spent more time studying for their courses. Due to these observations, it is expected that the average female student would be the significant better performer in her first year at university. But it was observed, that the group of female students did not scored better in their first year. Students find increasingly little that is directly relevant or useful in their daily lives or those students ability belief and goal orientations shift from being positive and task focused to being more pessimistic and performance focused in their study. Intrinsic motivation is certainly not being supplanted by extrinsic motivation in the second year in University (Lepper, Iyengar Corpus, 2005) . Limitations of the Study There have several limitations that are identified during the progress of completing in this study such as that is related to population sample limitations to only one University, with a limited amount of student willing or able to participate. It might be more beneficial towards this type of research to have a wider range of University involvement in hopes to have a larger amount of student participants. With a larger amount of participants, this research could possible give results that are more inferential and accurate from the data. In addition, there is the lack of a large sample size within the target population. Instead of focusing research efforts on just one University, students from all Kampar,Perak state University or College could be considered as potential participants. It suggested that a larger population yield a larger amount of participants and could potentially lower instances of extraneous flaws thus results are reliable and valid to all state-level University or College populations. On top of that, this research is only focusing on the demographic variable, such as years of study, gender and GPA. However, there were other variables that might affect the level of motivation and academic performance. For example, classrooms environment, parental-child attachment styles, parental behavior, urban or rural area, peer pressure, courses, faculty, socioeconomic status (SES) and others. Those variables may account for the shift in intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Another possible flaw is an inadequate time to collect the questionnaires. Even have give enough time for participants to fill in the questionnaire, but they may not collaboration to participate answering the questionnaire. Additional research is needed in order to get the reliability results and to determine the generalization of such findings to other populations and cultures. Recommendations for Future Research With the conclusion of this study, some possible recommendations for future research haven arisen. In the future, studies could aim to focus on younger demographic where intervention can be assesses and applied. This would include factors that are currently lacking, like motivation and college academic preparation. This research study discovery that preparing people for college starts at young age, as early as elementary school. This information could initiate further research, which aspires at a much younger demographic than the current study. Possible development of interventions for implementing programs that targets for the purpose of college preparation and provide the social support needed for these youth to be motivated to want and attend college could also be explored. Moreover, it is important assess the absence of parental figures, like with those in prison or who have passed away. For example, if a child is raised by a single parent, it might be important to narrow down factors and see how perceived social support and motivation apply to his or her circumstance. Once again by knowing what could contribute to these individuals can further assist those interested in implementing programs that target these particular populations. In the Western countries, researchers are very focusing about youngers education and performance in school, and there have many research talking about this, but yet very few research in Malaysia. Therefore more research should be conducted in order to know more about the students motivation in school, how this can effect on their learning and the perception or early support services for parents. Therefore, future research could be important in finding which variables are contributing to or the level of motivation in homes as children develop ideals for future. This would be helped to improve the education and getting more researches in Malaysia. Conclusion

Converting Your Manual Bookkeeping Essay

If you’re converting a manual bookkeeping system to a computerized system, your conversion will take a bit more time than just starting fresh because you need to be sure your new system starts with information that matches your current books. The process for entering your initial data varies depending on the software you’ve chosen. To ensure that you properly convert your bookkeeping system, use the information that comes with your software; read through the manual, review the startup suggestions made as you set up the system, and pick the methods that best match your style of operating. The best time to convert is at the end of an accounting period. That way, you won’t have to do a lot of extra work adding transactions that already occurred during a period. For example, if you decide to computerize your accounting system on March 15, you’d have to add all the transactions that occurred between March 1 and March 15 into your new system. It’s just easier to wait until April 1 to get started even if you buy the software on March 15. While you can convert to a computerized accounting system at the end of a month, your best time to do it is at the end of a calendar or fiscal year. Otherwise, you have to input data for all the months of the year that have passed. Whenever you decide to start your computerized bookkeeping, use the data from your trial balance that you used to close the books at the end of most recent accounting period. In the computerized system, enter the balances for each of the accounts in your trial balance. Asset, liability, and equity accounts should have carry-over balances, but Income and Expense accounts should have zero balances. Of course, if you’re starting a new business, you won’t have a previous trial balance. Then you just enter any balances you might have in your cash accounts, any assets your business may own as it starts up, and any liabilities that your business may already owe relating to startup expenses. You also add any contributions from owners that were made to get the business started in the Equity accounts. After you enter all the appropriate data, run a series of financial reports, such as an income statement and balance sheet, to be sure the data is entered and formatted the way you like it. It’s a lot easier to change formatting when the system isn’t chock-full of data. You need to be sure that you’ve entered the right numbers, so verify that the new accounting system’s financial reports match what you created manually. If the numbers are different, now’s the time to figure out why. Otherwise the reports you do at the end of the accounting period will be wrong. If the numbers don’t match, don’t assume the only place an error could be is in the data entered. You may find that the error is in the reports you developed manually. Of course, check your entries first, but if the income statement and balance sheet still don’t look right, double-check your trial balances as well. Read more: http://www. dummies. com/how-to/content/converting-your-manual-bookkeeping-to-a-computeriz. html#ixzz1SMwAbn8q

True Purpose of Art in Podg

The True Purpose of Art Oscar Wilde was a very shrewd intellectual who through the teachings of Walter Pater and John Ruskin became a strong supporter of the aesthetics movement. This movement was one which wanted to shy society away from the fact that art had a purpose. They wanted simply to have art for art’s sake. In essence what this means is that art’s only true purpose is beauty and there are no underlying symbols, meanings, or derivations of art it is simply art.Oscar Wilde attempts to promote his beliefs about aestheticism in the book â€Å"Picture of Dorian Gray† through his use the character Basil Hallward, the picture of Dorian Gray, and the relationship between Lord Henry and Dorian Gray. Oscar Wilde uses Basil Hallward , specifically his perception of a perfect artist to support his argument that the purpose of art is to be beautiful. From the beginning of the book we can see that Basil has a strong tie to his artwork.In the first chapter when he goe s to visit Lord Henry and shows him the portrait of Dorian he tells Lord Henry that he will not exhibit his work because there is too much of the artist in the painting. This scenario leads Dorian to explain to Lord Henry what the an artist’s role truly is â€Å"An artist should create beautiful things, but should put nothing of his own life into them. We live in an age when men treat art as if it were meant to be a form of autobiography. We have lost the abstract sense of beauty. Someday I will show the world what it is; and for that reason the world shall never see my portrait of Dorian Gray. (30) What basil is saying in this quote is that society has lost the true essence of art and that the true purpose of an artist is to create something of beauty. That is why he will not show his portrait of Dorian to the world because he feels as if the portrait is not just beautiful it has a deeper meaning which relays not only beauty but some deeper emotion. Also the simple sentence structure in this quote also helps relay the fact that an artist’s job is to do the most basic job create something beautiful without it being complex. Wilde also explicitly uses the preface to help support promote the idea that art’s true goal is beauty.He does so by using a very bold quote â€Å"All art is quite useless†. What Oscar Wilde meant by this quote was that art is useless because it attempts to portray an emotion. It does not instruct or command but instead it just sits there waiting to illicit a temporary response from the viewer. In doing so art becomes a sort of temporary tattoo. In that it is short lived and even though it may be beautiful it will eventually be lost in the haze. Now by using the picture of Dorian Gray, Wilde attempts to show us what happens when art is given a purpose.In Chapter 7 Dorian first comes to realize that the portrait is aging while he does not and his response is â€Å"He had uttered a mad wish that he himself might remain young and the portrait grow old; that his own beauty might be untarnished, and the face on the canvas bear the burden of his passions and his sins; that the painted image might be seared with the lines of suffering and thought, and that he might keep all the delicate bloom and loveliness of his then just conscious boyhood. Surely his wish had not been fulfilled? Such things were impossible. It seemed monstrous even to think of them.And yet there was the picture before him, with the touch of cruelty in the mouth†(144). This quote proves that in fact the painting did have a purpose. That purpose being to show the dark change in Dorian as he ages. But why would Wilde go against his own beliefs? He did so to prove a point and that point being that only wrong can come from giving art purpose. The portrait ends up causing the death of Dorian and Basil , the original artist. As Dorian commits more and more sins the picture becomes more and more grotesque until finally it is so hideous that even Dorian cannot stand the sight of the picture.In the beginning of the book however Dorian adored the portrait. This goes to show that when art is given a purpose the art becomes ugly. This is Oscar Wilde’s view means that it is no longer art because the primary function of art is to be beautiful. So if an art is considered ugly than It is no longer art. So therefore whenever art is given a purpose that piece of art is then no longer considered art. Another way Wilde attempts to establish his views on the role of art and the artist is through the relationship between Lord Henry and Dorian Gray.In their relationship Lord Henry is the sculptor and Dorian is his piece of art. After his discussion with his uncle Lord Henry makes it his goal to influence Dorian in his own manner. But similarly with Basil and his portrait this piece of art also has a purpose and the purpose was to change the identity of the art work in order to satisfy Lord Henry’s pleasure of tainting another into his thought process. As you can well imagine this led the art to turn â€Å"ugly†. Ugly in the sense that Dorian became corrupted and evil.He committed the worst of sins and in the beginning what started off as the purest form of art became the most vile piece of art. So again when the purpose shifted from being beautiful to having a different purpose the art , or Dorian, becomes ugly and it is no longer in fact art. This is just another example which supports the fact that art can only be art if its purpose it to be beautiful. A recurring theme in this novel was the purpose of art and Oscar Wilde gives his opinion on this matter through the character Basil Hallward, the picture of Dorian Gray, and the relationship between Lord Henry and Dorian.Oscar Wilde understands the value of art and he believes that art is in fact only art when it has no other purpose but to be beautiful. He believes that when a piece of art is given purpose it corrupts the art and it can turn the artwork into some disfigured picture of reality. Oscar Wilde believes that today people have attempted to expand the boundaries of art and he believes that in doing so people lost the beauty in art. He says that art is only meant to inspire and if any other emotions or thoughts arise then that art is ultimately useless.

House-Sitting Puts Ink in the Travel Writers Pen

House-Sitting Puts Ink in the Travel Writers Pen Staying for extended stretches in exotic and culturally rich places for free? Then being paid for pieces you’ve written about your stay? Sounds unreal, but the reality is anything but: over the past several years I’ve spent one- to two-month periods in Hawaii, Mexico, Panama, the Bahamas and St. Vincent and the Grenadines with my sweetheart Alice, without paying a cent for lodging. With some careful prep, and an open eye and mind for stories when you get there, you can set yourself up for exciting travel- and even some green from writing about that excitement. Finding the Opportunities For the past few years,  mindmyhouse.com  has been our house-sitting site of choice. The site provides descriptions and photos of the properties, dates and length of stays, and what the homeowner wants you to do in exchange for staying at their home. MindMyHouse emails listings almost daily, and they are truly from all over the world. Some owners want you to do things like manage multiple Airbnbs or groom their herd of buffalo, but most of them want someone to take care of pets, water plants and keep the house secure. The Net, Cast Wide To be doable, you have to have work that allows you to leave your house for relatively long stretches of time. The Internet has opened the floodgates for such â€Å"solopreneurs.† Both Alice and I have been freelancing out of our home for years. Of course, house-sitting means someone probably has to take care of your home as well. We have a cat who needs attention, as well as a garden, and we’ve found house-sitters on MindMyHouse who have done fine jobs. We wrote a small manual of the idiosyncrasies of our house so that there aren’t any surprises and have made sure the bills are set up to be paid in advance. One sour surprise is when the Internet is spotty in the house-sit home, or worse, out for days at a time. That’s happened to us in the Bahamas, and that didn’t help with some deadlines. However, that does allow for time to engage in travel writing. Look for Angles, Before, During and After Look for story angles in advance to see if there’s any editor interest. I pitched stories about biking to the lava flow on the Big Island and on things to do in Hilo before we spent time there, and later had the pieces published in the Los Angeles Times and the San Jose Mercury News. At the same time, it’s smart- and fun- to be open to story ideas that crop up. When we stayed in the Grenadine Islands, we found out that there’s a rum distillery on St. Vincent and took a private tour there. Haven’t placed that story yet, but I did place a fun one on looking for whiskey on an island of rum. Always have your camera at the ready when you’re out and about, as you’re likely to find sights for your lenses that most short-visit tourists wouldn’t. And I never travel without a notepad, making sure to type up my scrawled notes about people, places and things within a day or two of scrawling them, when my memory is fresh. Your Office Is the World Even if you have to take care of ill or psychologically-damaged pets (a couple of times for us), or a psychologically-damaged owner (once, and that was enough), the opportunities for travel writing as a house-sitter are deep. House-sitting puts you in a great position to see splendid sights- and then set them on the paying page.

Technology in Our Lives essays

Technology in Our Lives essays Only once in a lifetime will a new invention come about to touch every aspect of our lives. Such a device that changes the way we work, live, and play is a special one, indeed. This incredible invention is the computer. In the last 40 years has it changed the American society. Computer technology is a major part of our society. People use computers in a wide variety of ways. In business, computers track inventories with scanners, transfer funds, and check credit status of customers electronically. In homes, computers control indoor temperature, operate home security systems, tell the time, and so on. Computers are used extensively in scientific research to solve mathematical problems, display data, and create models. Computers also are used to entertain. Without the technology of computers, there would be no digitized sound on the stereo system. In the book The Night Room, written by E.M. Goldman , there is a certain type of technology that simulates the futures of the people involved. Although this computer program appeared to have innocent and good effects on society, there also turned out to be frightening and even dangerous effects. The book was based on seven high school students who were chosen to participate in this project. The students would get a simulation of their tenth high school reunion. The students took turns and find out interesting things about their future. One student finds out she will be a wealthy actress. One finds out that he will become an abusive alcoholic. One found out that she will be dead. Some good effects coming out of this project included the fact that it could prevent bad habits. When that one boy found out that he was going to be a abusive drunk, he vowed never to drink again. One girl saw that she would be overweight, so she started a healthy diet and ex ercise program. The negative effects were numerous. It disrupted peoples ...

Managing Change in an organisation Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managing Change in an organisation - Coursework Example The case indicates the existence of a large internet provision company that has employed a large number of employees. In addition, it also possesses small sales stores in two other cities. With this, it is expected that the business activities should make it possible for the organization to attain its goals and objectives in an easier manner. However, it is not possible since the culture within the organization does not provide the appropriate environment for the staff members to work together as a team and achieve the organizational goal.The cultured within the organization is so relaxed to the extent that it does not allow the organization to provide satisfactory services to its customers. This is what creates the need to change and manage the different aspects so as to ensure that the quality of services provided by the organization make it possible to meet the organizational goals and objectives. In this case, the principle problem to be addressed is the culture of the organizati on in terms of management of people and the tasks within in order to maximize the services that are provided to the customers and therefore, the returns that are produced by the organization.One of the major issues being faced by this organization is the fact that the culture within it was very relaxed. This is in the sense that the employees do not have a specific dress code, they are merely employed as friends and not in an official way that is based on the merits and demerits of the job at hand.

Sustainability within National Parks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Sustainability within National Parks - Essay Example In relation to the shifts in the industry trends, the overall events management industry is striving towards creating all round diversity in the meeting and events profession. This particular industry largely values the scope of diversifying the events management along with tourism industry in a well defined manner (Marvell, 2006). In this respect, a professional proposal document enumerating current thinking on ‘green’ issues in relation to the MICE sector will be analysed upon. In this regard, the aforesaid document will help in establishing a clear cut idea pertaining to the credibility as a conference organizer. All of these aspects will be discussed in the form of a literature review in order to derive an in-depth knowledge about the subject matter. Literature Review and Overview of Current Thinking on ‘Green’ Issues In Relation to MICE Sector As a conference organizer, the primary stress is needed to be laid upon the aspects associated with the depicti on of a clear and precise plan concerning current thinking on ‘green’ issues. Creation of travel incentives long with additional options is considered to be very important nowadays. Additionally, options representing greenness are becoming a modern trend in the contemporary tourism industry. This facet is proving to create a great deal of appeal to all those travellers who are environment conscious. Moreover, this facet is proving to provide a considerable extent of support along with growth to this particular industry. This concept is said to gain all round importance in South Africa as their MICE industry tries to deal with a slow increase in business tourism. This slow and steady developmental phase is responsible for creating all round importance about the concept of green to a very large extent. Similar to this subject, Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand provided reports that signify the importance of green by a considerable extent. The reports suggested that with the induction of green it will lead to growth in knowledge which includes basic science along with technological dimensions. All these aspects can very well provide corresponding results that can lead to the development of a sustainable economy. Other broad significances of this initiative can lead to shrinking of waste materials, pollution along with overuse of different types of scarce resources. If all of these aspects are fulfilled then it will lead to even greater amount of benefits. It will eventually lead to smart business processes, good education along with efficient work in diversified fields. Thinking green will ensure proper control over economic aspects as well which can result in bringing a lot of cohesion as well while trading with different countries located around the world. Thus, the

Report on the Case Study of the Red Bull Brand Essay - 1

Report on the Case Study of the Red Bull Brand - Essay Example Although Red-Bull is a single product offering, it has been able to achieve brand equity across the world through its uniqueness and other factors that enable customers to identify it as unique and different from other soft drink and energy drink offerings on the market. In summary, it's unique packaging (the blue, silver and red 250ml can) is famous around the world. Also, the unique content and effects on users is a very strong element of brand equity since it gives consumers a very positive physical, mental and health advantages that most competitors do not give. The Burnett model states that a brand equity has four main facades: personality image, source, differences and functions (Randall, 2000). In terms of personality image, customers around the world feel good about the health and mental alertness that Red Bull provides. They respect it as a premier energy drink because it does what a normal cup of coffee would do but with a very positive impact on the individual. Secondly, Red Bull seems to stand for good health, vitality, and productivity and that is exactly how it is promoted and packaged as a revitalized. Also, Red Bull was originally created to be different from all other soft and energy drink offerings on the market. Now that several similar products are available, Red Bull still maintains its distinct packaging and content which keeps it embedded in the mind of consumers. In spite of the universal nature of Red Bulls brand, there was the need for some variation in the brand offering in markets around the world. Dunn (2004) points out that there are six main processes that a business needs to go through before they can create brand equity and they are: Market analysis involves scanning the dominant environmental factors in a country before offering your products in a country.

Theories of Cognitive Development by Piaget and Vygotsky Essay Example for Free

Theories of Cognitive Development by Piaget and Vygotsky Essay Jean Piaget’s and Lev Semionovich Vygotsky’s theories on cognitive development both play a significant role in addressing the intellectual growth of children (Lain, 2006). Psychologists and educators alike, rely on these theories in constructing the standards by which children are being brought up and taught today. Essentially, cognitive development is the process by which our intellectual ability grows and progresses. Slavin (2003), maintains that cognitive development, â€Å"is the gradual and orderly changes that occur making ones mental process more complex and sophisticated† (as cited in Lain, 2006, Cognitive Development section, para. 1). As the children’s learning process is crucial to the development of their learning ability and critical thought process, educators must have a good grasp of these theories to fully address the children’s individual learning needs. Jean Piaget’s theory is marked by several developmental stages that define the child’s corresponding cognitive level. On the other hand, Lev Vygotsky developed the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) based on the assumption that children learn more quickly under the guidance of a more experienced adult (Maccarelli, 2006). Considered as constructivists, both renowned theorists believed that children learn by formulating new ideas by combining old ones. The Hawaii Department of Education E-School also claims that, â€Å"constructivists believe that learning is affected by the context in which an idea is taught as well as by students beliefs and attitudes† (as cited in Davison, 2006, Piaget vs Vygotsky: The Cognitive Development Theory section, para. 1). As society determines the amount of knowledge a child gains, it also sets the limit to the students’ cognitive development. However, the principal ideas between the two theorists vary greatly. Piaget strongly believed that learning occurs after development. He indicated that a child will start the learning process after the child has reached a certain developmental stage. Contrarily, Vygotsky claimed that the child develops as a result of learning. Furthermore, Vygotsky placed a large amount of emphasis on the importance of outside influence to the child’s overall cognitive development, where as Piaget barely acknowledged the significance of outside influence on the child’s development in his theorems. Moreover, while Piaget’s theory has four distinct and set standards of development, Vygotsky’s theory does not support predetermined stages at all. Instead, he stressed the importance of private speech and ZPD on the child’s development. Living in a society that is an integration of multiple cultures, classified by age, race, gender, ethnicity, religion, and economic status, each of us is a product of our social interactions to these various cultures. If we examine Vygotsky’s theory, a large part of a child’s development is placed on the input of others, it is therefore reasonable to assume that a multicultural society places a great deal of input on the child’s development. However, since a child’s development is limited to his or her surroundings, and his thoughts and ideas mainly influenced by that of his early caregivers, sometimes the child is not exposed to different cultures other than his own. This gives rise to multicultural issues that we see nowadays. And as the study of multicultural psychology is greatly concerned with exploring, understanding, and appreciating the differences in culture, based on Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s theory, these multicultural issues could be avoided if children are exposed or introduced to diverse cultures early in life. References Davison, B. (2006). Piaget vs Vygotsky: The Cognitive Development Theory. Associated Content. Retrieved on January 01, 2009, from http://www. associatedcontent. com/article/94974/piaget_vs_vygotsky_the_cognitive_development. html? cat=4 Lain, (2006). Cognitive Development: A Comparison Between the Work of Piaget, Bruner, and Vygotsky. Associated Content. Retrieved on January 01, 2009, from http://www. associatedcontent. com/article/41531/cognitive_development. html? cat=4 Maccarelli, S. (2006). Vygotsky’s Theory of Cognitive Development: The Socio-Cultural Perspective. Associated Content. Retrieved on January 01, 2009, from http://www. associatedcontent. com/article/29997/vygotskys_theory_of_cognitive_development. html? cat=4 Uncgrad, (2006). Piagets Stages of Cognitive Development. Associated Content. Retrieved on January 01, 2009, from http://www. associatedcontent. com/article/452881/piagets_stages_of_cognitive_development. html? cat=4

The Journey of Self-discovery Brian Moores The Luck of Ginger Coffey E

The Journey of Self-discovery Brian Moore's The Luck of Ginger Coffey When Ginger Coffey brought his family to Canada from Ireland, little did he know that he would attain partial triumph by discovering "himself and the refugee among the lame and the old". With the aid of those around him, Coffey pursued personal freedom and status in his adopted country. He stumbled through a journey of self-discovery while materialism obstructed his vision. The importance of his family rooted Coffey to his homeland and to his moral values while he tried to discover himself as an immigrant. All the world appeared hostile to Ginger Coffey when he tried to carve a niche for himself in this new country, for he felt insecure as a New Canadian—and he was faced with midlife crises to boost. As a schoolboy, Coffey had been warned by old Father Cogley that boys who didn’t settle like everyone else would sink in this world and the next, "because that class of boy is unable to accept his God-given limitations†¦has no love of God in him†¦is an ordinary, lazy lump and his talk of finding adventures is only wanting an excuse to get away and commit mortal sins." (The Luck of Ginger Coffey, 18) Coffey dreamed of a world in which "all men had reached the top of the hill; there were no dull jobs, no humiliating interviews, no turndowns; no man was saddled with ungrateful daughters, there were unlimited funds to spend†¦You were free." (40) Indeed, Coffey was a dreamer who longed for personal freedom. Having hopped from job to job because he detested being a "glorified office boy," (13) Coffey could not face the "misleading facts of a life" (7) and he was unprepared to scale the steep ascent to a successful career. While hunting for a job, Ginger Coffey no... ...use she needs [him]; it’s knowing [he] and she will still care about each other when sex and daydreams, fights and futures—when all that’s on the shelf and done with." (243) Mingling amongst the "lame and the old," Ginger Coffey saw reflections of himself as a New Canadian everywhere. He had learned that life was the victory, and that going on was the victory. The little triumphs in life have liberated him. Coffey, in his adjustment period as an immigrant, has found materialism to have a negative impact on his life. Concerned with the welfare of his family, Coffey was able to discover his tender-most self. Certainly, the weak and the poor have acted as the best guides for Ginger Coffey who, through a tumultuous journey, found himself at last. Work Cited Moore, Brian. The Luck of Ginger Coffey. Boston and Toronto: Atlantic-Little, Brown and Company, 1960.

Lotus Car Rental Essay

The Lotus Rental Car company is the world’s leading company in a multimillion dollar industry and can take this great opportunity to provide the consumer with alternative options in vehicles by adding alternative fuel vehicles to its fleet in Los Angeles, California, it would be a good move for this company because alternative vehicles like hybrids offer a less contaminated environment, better fuel economy, and the best in its money worth. Electric vehicles produce zero contamination, but are limited to the distance they can travel. Compare to gas powered vehicles offering lower mileage and higher emissions, which is a factor to the contamination of the air we breathe in. Also by adding the alternative vehicle can improve the company’s image and show that we as a provider do care about what we rent out to our consumer, and by providing that image the consumer would be motivated to drive a much cleaner vehicle that will protect the environment. With more car companies coming out with alternative vehicles this would be the right move to make in investing in alternative vehicles and gaining that momentum that would push this company over the top of all our competitors. The standard engine vehicle has come a long way; Conventional vehicles have only grown more reliable. And year after year they come out with more improvements for the vehicle’s engine. The gasoline car has improved from decades before, and in the past century. Modern civilization depends on automobiles for much of its daily existence, to travel to work and back. Gas stations are everywhere and it’s easier to go and fill up your car with gas, rather than go and sit and plug into a charging station. That being a one of pros to having a gas powered vehicle. However a growing disadvantage to having the gas powered vehicle are the gas prices rising. For every gallon of gas you put in your tank, only 1/5 produces mechanical energy that moves your car. The other 4/5 is lost as heat which is why the gas powered car has more engine parts (The Amazing Rate, 2012). The more parts help the gas powered vehicle in cooling down and maintaining power. The parts convert gas that is flowed through the motor into energy, and more parts to manage the excessive heat. Take a Honda Civic EX, for example, normally the Civic would get about 24 mpg around the city and about 36 on the highway, thanks to developments such as the VTEC valve train profiling system that adjusts as speed adjusts and keeps the engine working at optimal levels (Autos.com, 2014). The hybrid and electric cars that they have out for sale only make up one percent of 250 million sold in America. The maintenance of the car would add up after a couple years of having it, but would still cost you less than the alternative vehicle that would’ve got purchased over a gas powered car. The cost of maintenance is lower compared to hybrid vehicle. Spare parts and replacement kits are readily available on car service centers auto body part centers as well. The maintenance of gas powered vehicle is simple as regular oil changes, air-filter changes, and spark plug replacements, keeping the vehicle in good condition will better the emissions and lengthen the lifespan of the vehicle and improve the gas mileage of the car. For most vehicles now dealers offer you more mileage and better coverage on the vehicle of choice, take for example the Ford 150 it offers you a flex-fuel, Eco-Boost truck and the offer more warranty on the vehicle per miles and years. The point in that is for the company to lengthen the life of the truck and offer better gas mileage to the consumer. The gas powered car, truck, SUV all have the one thing in common and that is that they all run on gas and all vary on gas mileage. Maintenance would also vary, because it is not as cost effective as an alternative vehicle. The Gas powered vehicle has been the one vehicle around for decades and still will improve in making better and less cost effective vehicles for people to drive. Since the first electric car was made in 1900 by William Morrison there have been major technological advances throughout the century that have made today’s electric car a more popular choice for the American consumer (Berman, 2009). It was not until 1999 when interest in electric cars began to increase due to growing concerns about the environment and drastic increases in gas prices (Berman, 2009). The electric car runs on an electric motor and battery to increase a vehicle’s miles per gallon ratio and does not require gasoline. The reason Lotus Car Rental did not jump on to this opportunity was because at the time there was a $15,000 price difference between electric and gas engine vehicles. As of 2012 there is  only a $5,000 difference which is a more acceptable amount to consider and there are now electri c cars that are in the $15,000 to $20,000 range (Cars Direct, 2012). The positives of electric cars are that they require no gas and they can be charged by electric stations around Los Angeles and they do not emit pollution and that fact alone might persuade the consumer to rent an electric car (KBB, 2014). The average miles per full battery charge in the city are about 120 miles and highway about 100 miles in town. The maintenance of an electric car is extremely low because there is no longer a need to purchase gasoline and the company no longer has to do oil changes, air filter changes and emissions tests on a yearly basis thus creating a higher profit margin plus whatever major mechanical problem happens it will more likely be covered by the warranty provided by the dealer when buying the electric car brand new from the lot (Cars Direct, 2012). The average dealer warranty is about six year or 100,000 mile whichever comes first but because we are a car rental company, we will reach the mileage first. Insurance for electric cars are considerably low because they offer discounts for owing that type of car so it will be easier to pass on the savings to the consumer if they decide to purchase it (KBB, 2014). One problem with electric cars is that they are low on horse power which might be a problem for consumers considering that they are more than likely to want to exceed the speed limit on the highway and it might make it a difficult drive when going up on hills and mountains. Another problem with electric cars is that depending on the make and model, the average energy span only lasts about 120 miles before the consumer has to stop and recharge the battery. The main complaint among consumers is the amount of time it takes for the battery to recharge. The average charge time is about 4 to 8 hours if the consumer does not use a rapid recharge station which will charge the battery in between thirty minutes to an hour again depending on make and model (KBB, 2014). There are about sixty rapid recharge stations in and around Los Angeles but it more likely recommended that electric cars be used for in town usage instead of long trips because of the lack of rapid recharge stations. Although not considered as an alternative for the fuel vehicle, such as the electric, hydrogen, ethanol, and propane. The hybrid vehicle operates using advanced technology that combines the electric motor, fuel motor, and generator, to create a more efficient use of regular fuel.  Hybrids have become the new sensation of invention since slice bread. There are many reasons why Lotus Rental Car should add hybrid cars to their fleet. Consumer reports and background information backing up on the hybrid vehicle, it also shows how their popularity has grown among the world and the American population. Hybrids have their own unique way of operating, having an electric motor and a fuel motor, which makes them real fuel-efficient. Hybrids also offer a special braking system that allows the braking energy to be captured and stored in an onboard battery. Costumers report that this type of vehicle will offer a substantial savings in fuel costs because of the engine’s efficiency. Some cars typically getting 48 to 60 mpg, and offering 20% to 35% better fuel efficiency than a typical gasoline car. A typical car for example a Honda Civic only offers a range of 36 mpg on the highway. Costumers also report that hybrid vehicles have almost the same maintenance routine as regular vehicles. As, hybrid vehicles switch back and forth between an electric motor, and a traditional fuel engine depending on road conditions. This switch between power sources saves a lot of wear and tear on both of the motors, and increase the fuel range dramatically. The repair costs are high but repair is not as common as it is on traditional vehicles, and as long as maintenance is done properly these vehicles can outlast a traditional vehicle because the technology saves on wear and tear. The typical cost of a hybrid ranges from $19,000 to $25,000 price range. These prices are a quite pricey compare to those of a gas saver car, which range from $14,000 to $17,000. Even though that initial cost of these vehicles is more than the comparable traditional style car, over the long run all of these technologies will save money. When comparing both vehicles the hybrid is still the best investment, on average hybrids offer a ten-year/ 150,000-mile warranty on the batteries and power training, and a three-year/ 36,000 warranty on the rest of the vehicle. Hybrids batteries and motors do not require any more maintenance than any other car, hybrid brakes even last longer than those of a regular car. Hybrids also have tax incentives in the U.S., which can reduce the cost up to $3,400. After all the research we believe that hybrid vehicles are the best pick of an alternative energy vehicle for Lotus Rental Car Company fleet. Given all of this information on the multiple types of vehicles available we at Lotus Car Rental, Inc. have decided to focus on purchasing hybrid cars. The reason for  this decision is because the prices of the new hybrid cars are acceptable even though they are more expensive than regular cars but the price difference is more acceptable now than when it is compared to a few years ago. The cost of maintenance will not be an issue because by purchasing a brand new hybrid car the manufacturer warranty will be able to cover any major mechanical problems that will happen. This is an important factor for our decision because all rental companies including ourselves never keep vehicles for more than four years because the higher the mileage a car has the more likely that there will be mechanical problems that can happen. As soon a vehicle comes close to exceeding the manufacturer warranty that is when it will be put up for sale. Another reason is that we want to show the consumer that we care about their concerns for the environment and gas prices. Today’s consumer will more likely rent a hybrid car if the rental price difference is not a lot and the insurance fee stays the same. Eventually Lotus Car Rental, Inc. will switch over to electric cars in the future when the concept is upgraded with technological advances. What we mean by this is that the miles for a fully charged battery will increase as the years pass by and there will also be way more Rapid Recharge Stations throughout the United States. For now the focus will be on switching over to hybrid vehicles because this will show the consumer that this company is adapting to change and that we care. This will create an image that will to financial success. References Autos.com. (2014, April). Electric Power Car Vs. Gas Powered Car. Retrieved from http://www.autos.com/car-buying/electric-power-car-vs-gas-powered-car?&session-id=d1fa38119d76b5d16b7f062d6bf474f0 Berman, B. (2009, October 30). Timeline: History of the Electric Car. Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/now/shows/223/electric-car-timeline.html Cars Direct. (2012, March 08). Electric Car Costs vs Gasoline Cars vs Hybrids. Retrieved from http://www.carsdirect.com/car-pricing/new-electric-car-costs-vs-standard-gasoline-vehicles ConsumerReports.org. (2013, February). Hybrid/EV buying guide. Retrieved from

Chinese Philosophy Essay Essay

Three areas of philosophy emerged amidst the chaos and constant warring of the Zhou era. The three were called Confucianism, Daoism, and legalism. They were Chinese philosophies that were thought to be the best ways to rule and achieve order in the society. Confucianism believed that a ruler’s job was to set a good example, and not order. Since people were thought of as naturally good, they would following the right path based on their own conscience. Legalism was a more harsh way of ruling, led by Hanfeizi. They thought people were evil, and needed strict laws and punishment to keep them in line. Daoism was very different from either of the other two. It was led by Laozi, who taught that the best kind of government was one who governed the least. They allowed things to simply take their natural course and work themselves out. Although both Daoism and legalism were working philosophies, Confucianism was the most effective in obtaining order. At the time of the three philosophies, Ancient China was in a state of complete chaos. The duration of anarchy was named The Warring States Period, a period in which small feuding kingdoms or fiefdoms struggled for supremacy. It took place in the Zhou dynasty from 403 bc. to 221bc. The period was dominated by seven or more small feuding Chinese kingdoms. It was the age of Confucian thinkers Mencius and Xunzi, and the time when many of the government institutions and cultural patterns that would characterize China for the next 2,000 years were established. Legalism achieved what all the other philosophies strove for, unification of China. The Qin Dynasty, operating under the Legalist philosophy, finally unified China in 221 BC. Legalism was a success. However, the Qin Dynasty dissolved only 14 years after it’s founding. The Qin emperor was ruthless in his use of Legalism, punishing even small crimes with decapitation or the loss of a hand or foot. Han Feizi, legalisms founder, did not believe in gaining the respect of the people. He stated † Those who are ignorant about government insistently say: â€Å"Win the hearts of the people â€Å"† (Document H). To uphold his beliefs books and scholars which held beliefs against Legalism (such as Confucianism) were destroyed. The people were heavily taxed and forced into labor on major government projects. He successfully put the fear and respect of the law and government into the people, but it was too much. After his death, peasant rebellions caused the end of Legalism as the ruling philosophy of China. The harshness of the Legalist Qin would be remembered afterwards, and in response the following dynasty, the Han, distanced itself from Legalism and made Confucianism the official philosophy. Daoism adds spirituality to the otherwise melancholy world of Chinese philosophy. The quote â€Å"Look to simplicity; cleave the uncarved block; Diminish self and curb desires† (Document G) is a perfect example of the views held by Daoist followers. Its teachings appealed to those who wished to withdraw from the politics and deception of society. Daoism’s concepts of harmony and relativity make a lot of sense even today. The idea of using nature as the model, which people look up to, is reflected in the religion. Because of its anti-society attitude, Daoism obviously never made its way into any systems of government. It survived among the private citizens and to this day, Daoist monks still exist in China. Daoism was founded by Laozi in the sixth century BC. His teachings were passed down orally before they were compiled in the third century BC in a book called the â€Å"Classic of the Way and Its Power. † Dao means â€Å"way. † It is understood that the Dao is the underlying pattern of the universe, which can neither be described in words nor conceived in thought. The goal of Daoism is to bring all elements of existence- heaven, earth, and man- into harmony. To be in accordance with the Dao, the individual must empty himself of doctrines and knowledge, act with simplicity and humility, and above all seek Nature. The idea of turning to Nature for peace and harmony had a great effect on East Asian cultures, especially in the arts, where idealized and imaginary landscapes and natural art forms are profoundly linked to the beliefs of Daoism. At first, Confucianism was unsuccessful and Confucius, during his lifetime only managed to collect a few followers. After his death, however, his followers passed on the Confucian tradition. It survived, with a few changes, to the Han dynasty (221 BC) and became established as China’s official philosophy. From then it was firmly well established in Chinese culture, and its values can still be seen today. The Five Classics of Confucianism were works from the Zhou Dynasty, which preceded the Warring States Period. They were collected and edited by members of the original  Confucian school. After Confucianism became the official state philosophy, one had to know the philosophy well in order to gain the coveted position of government official. The Analects are a collection of sayings by Confucius, recorded by his disciples. As a result, the Analects are not a widespread proposal of Confucianism. Rather, it is a collection of quotations and stories. Because of this, Confucianism according to Confucius is open to interpretation. The main idea of the philosophy is, righteousness, relationships and generosity towards others. Since the time of the Han dynasty (206 CE) four life passages have been recognized and regulated by Confucian tradition. There are approximately 6 million Confucians in the world. About 26,000 live in North America; almost all of the remainder are found throughout China and the rest of Asia. In Chinese tradition, filial piety was the key duty. In one of Confucious’ analects he stated, † The superior man while his parents are alive, reverently nourishes them; and when they are dead, reverently sacrifices to them. His chief thought is how, to the end of life, not to disgrace them† (Document B). Being a filial son meant absolute obedience to one’s parents during their lifetime and as they grew older, taking the best possible care of them. After their death the eldest son was required to perform ritual sacrifices at their gravesite or in the ancestral temple. A son could also express his devotion to his parents by passing the Civil Service examinations, winning prestige for the whole family. Most important of all, a son had to make sure that the family line would be continued. Dying without a son therefore was one of the worst offenses against the concept of filial piety. If a marriage remained barren, it was a son’s duty to take a second wife or adopt a child in order to continue the family. Since Chinese women became part of their husband’s family through marriage, filial conduct for a woman meant faithfully serving her in-laws, in particular her mother-in-law, and giving birth to a son. By fulfilling these duties, she also gained prestige for her own family. If the mother and daughter-in-law did not get along, filial piety demanded that a man should get rid of his wife in order to please his mother. He could always get another wife, but he would only have one mother. These social rules in the culture helped in the unification of families in China Some might argue that Daoism and Legalism were more efficient ways of acquiring harmony. Legalism was the most effective way of governing a society. The legalist tradition derives from the principle that the best way to control human behavior was through written law rather than through ritual, custom or ethics. The legalist tradition was derived from the principle that the best way to control human behavior was through written law rather than through ritual, custom or ethics. Daoism shaped Chinese life for more than 2,000 years. Daoism placed emphasis upon individual freedom and impulsiveness, non-interventionist government and social primitivism and ideas of self-transformation, and so represents in many ways the reverse of Confucian concern with individual moral duties, community standards, and governmental responsibilities. Both philosophies add up many pros, but fall short of Confucianism’s vast accomplishments. The inner pole of Confucianism was reformist, idealistic, and spiritual. It generated a high ideal for family interaction: members were to treat each other with love, respect, and consideration for the needs of all. The school of thought founded by Confucius has had the biggest impact on Chinese culture. It has lasted throughout the ages and literally pulled the Han Dynasty out of ruin and chaos. Even to this day, the influence of Confucianism can be espied in many matters of China.